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Association Between Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and Craniofacial Shape of Children at 12 Months of Age

Evelyne Muggli

This cohort study conducted an objective and sensitive craniofacial phenotype analysis of 415 children, which showed an association between prenatal alcohol exposure and craniofacial shape at almost every level of exposure examined. Differences in the midface and nose resemble midface anomalies associated with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder...

Prenatal alcohol exposure, even at low levels, can influence craniofacial development. Although the clinical significance of these findings is yet to be determined, they support the conclusion that for women who are or may become pregnant, avoiding alcohol is the safest option.

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Balancing « Zero alcohol » during pregnancy and « binge drinking » in the first weeks

Stéphanie Toutain

These women’s knowledge on alcohol consumption during pregnancy as a major risk improved significantly compared to similar surveys conducted in 2008 and 2010. Their major concern focuses on expériences of heavy drinking episodes while unaware of their pregnancy. We can observe a hand-over in recent years among these women, from mothers to gynecologists, as a confident information source. This trend should be related to the emergence of new consumption practices in young women.

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Prenatal alcohol exposure impairs autophagy in neonatal brain cortical microvessels

Virginie Girault

Brain developmental lesions are a devastating consequence of prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE). We recently showed that PAE affects cortical vascular development with major effects on angiogenesis and endothelial cell survival. The underlying molecular mechanisms of these effects remain poorly understood. This study aimed at characterizing the ethanol exposure impact on the autophagic process in brain microvessels in human fetuses with fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) and in a PAE mouse model. Our results indicate that PAE induces an increase of autophagic vacuole number in human fetal and neonatal mouse brain cortical microvessels...

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